An interesting
summary found on internet on "48 Laws of Power" Excerpted From The
Book by Robert Greene And Joost Elffers. Read an know the reality of power
games played around us by power hungry people in our day to day life. if you
are looking for power or hungry for power then read to know, how power hungry
mind thinks and act.
Law 1 – Never
Outshine The Master. Always make those above you feel comfortably superior. In
your desire to please or impress them, do not go too far in displaying your
talents as you might accomplish the fear and insecurity. Make your master
appear more brilliant than they are and you will attain the heights of power.
Law 2 – Never Put
Too Much Trust in Friends, Learn how to use enemies. Be wary of friends - they will betray you more
quickly, they are easily aroused to envy. They also become spoiled and
tyrannical. But hire a former enemy and he will be more loyal than a friend,
because he has more to prove. In fact, you have more to fear from friends than
from enemies. If you have no enemies, find a way to make them.
Law 3 – Conceal your
intentions keep people off-balance and in the dark by never revealing the
purpose behind your actions. If they have no clue what you are up to, they
cannot prepare a defense. Guide them far enough down the wrong path, envelope
them in enough smoke, and by the time they realize your intentions, it will be
too late.
Law 4 – Always Say
Less Than Necessary When you are trying to impress people with words, the more
you say, the more common you appear, and the Less in control. Even if you are
saying something banal, it will seem original if you make it vague, open-ended,
and sphinx like. Powerful people impress and intimidate by saying less. The
more you say, the more likely you are to say something foolish.
Law 5 – So Much depends
On Reputation – guard it with your life. Reputation is the cornerstone of power,
through reputation alone you can intimidate and win; once it slips, however,
you are vulnerable, and will be attacked on all sides. Make your reputation
unassailable. Always be alert to potential attacks and thwart them before they
happen. Meanwhile, learn to destroy your enemies by opening holes in their own
reputations. Then stand aside and let public opinion hang them.
Law 6 – Court
Attention at all cost. Everything is judged by its appearance; what is unseen counts
for nothing. Never let yourself get lost in the crowd, or buried in oblivion.
Stand out. Be conspicuous, at all cost. Make yourself a magnet of attention by
appearing larger, more colorful, more mysterious than the bland and timid
masses.
Law 7 – Get others
to do the work for you, but always take credit. Use the wisdom, knowledge, and
legwork of other People to further your own cause. Not only will such
assistance save you valuable time and energy, it will give you a godlike aura
of efficiency and speed. In the end your helpers will be forgotten and you will
be remembered. Never do yourself what others can do for you.
Law 8 – Make other
people come to you – Use bait if necessary When you force the other person to
act, you are the one in control. It is always better to make your opponent cow
to you, abandoning his own plans in the process. Lure him with fabulous gains -
then attack. You hold the cards.
Law 9 – Win
through your actions, Never through argument Any momentary triumph you think
you have gained through argument is really a Pyrrhic victory: The resentment
and ill will you stir up is stronger and lasts longer than any momentary change
of opinion. It is much more powerful to get others to agree with you through
your actions, without saying a word. Demonstrate, do not explicate.
Law 10 –
Infection: avoid the unhappy and unlucky You can die from someone else's
misery-.emotional states are as infectious as diseases. You may feel you are
helping the drowning man but you are only precipitating own disaster The
unfortunate sometimes draw misfortune on themselves; they will also draw it on
you. Associate with the happy and fortunate instead.
Law 11 – Learn to keep
people dependent on you. To maintain your independence you must always be
needed and wanted. The more you are relied on, the more freedom you have. Make
people depend on you for their happiness and prosperity and you have nothing to
fear Never teach them enough so that they can do without you.
Law 12 – Use
selective honesty and generosity to disarm your victim. One sincere and honest
move will cover over dozens of dishonest ones. Open-hearted gestures of honesty
and generosity bring down the guard of even the most suspicious people. Once
your selective honesty opens a hole in their armor, you can deceive and
manipulate them at will. A timely gift - a Trojan horse - will serve the same
purpose.
Law 13 – When
asking for help, appeal to people’s self-interest, Never to their mercy or gratitude
If you need to turn to an ally for help, do not bother to remind him of your
past assistance and good deeds. He will find a way to ignore you. Instead,
uncover something in your request, or in your alliance with him, that will
benefit him, and emphasize it out of all proportion. He will respond enthusiastically
when he sees something to be gained for himself.
Law 14 – Pose as a
Friend, work as a spy. Knowing about your rival is critical. Use spies to
gather valuable information that will keep you a step ahead. Better still: Play
the spy yourself. In polite social encounters, learn to probe. Ask indirect
questions to get people to reveal their weaknesses and intention. There is no
occasion that is not an opportunity for artful spying.
Law 15 – Crush your
enemy totally. All great leaders since Moses have known that a feared enemy
must be crushed completely. (Sometimes they have learned this the hard way.) If
one ember is left alight, no matter how dimly it smolders, afire will
eventually break out. More is lost through stopping halfway than through total
annihilation: The enemy will recover, and will seek revenge. Crush him, not
only in body but also in spirit.
Law 16 – Use
absence to increase respect and honor. Too much circulation makes the price go
down: The more you are seen and heard from, the more common you appear If you
are already established in a group, temporary withdrawal from it will make you
more talked about, even more admired. You must learn when to leave. Create
value through scarcity.
Law 17 – Keep
others in suspended terror: cultivate an air of unpredictability. Humans are
creatures of habit with an insatiable need to see familiarity in other people’s
actions. Your predictability gives them a sense of control. Turn the tables: Be
deliberately unpredictable. Behavior that seems to have no consistency or
purpose will keep them off-balance, and they will wear themselves out trying to
explain your moves. Taken to an extreme, this strategy can intimidate and
terrorize.
Law 18 – Do Not
Build Fortresses To Protect Yourself – Isolation Is Dangerous The world is
dangerous and enemies are everywhere -- everyone has to protect themselves. A
fortress seems the safest. But isolation exposes you to more dangers than it
protects you from - it cuts you off from valuable information, it makes you
conspicuous and an easy target. Better to circulate among people, find allies,
mingle. You are shielded from your enemies by the crowd.
Law 19 – Know Who
You’re Dealing With – Do Not Offend The Wrong Person There are many different
kinds of people in the world, and you can never assume that everyone will react
to your strategies in the same way. Deceive or outmaneuver some people and they
will spend the rest of their lives seeking revenge. They are wolves in lambs'
clothing. Choose your victims and opponents carefully, then- never offend or
deceive the wrong person.
Law 20 – Do Not
Commit To Anyone It is the fool who always rushes to take sides. Do not commit
to any side or cause but yourself. By maintaining your independence you become
the master of others--playing people against one another, making them pursue
you.
Law 21 – Play A
Sucker To Catch A Sucker – Seem Dumber Than Your Mark No one likes feeling
stupider than the next person. The trick, then, is to make your victims feel
smart - and not just smart, but smarter than you are. Once convinced of this,
they will never suspect that you may have ulterior motives.
Law 22 – Use The
Surrender Tactic: Transform Weakness Into Power When you are weaker, never
fight for honor's sake; choose surrender instead. Surrender gives you time to
recover, time to torment and irritate your conqueror, time to wait for his
power to wane. Do not give him the satisfaction of fighting and defeating you
surrender first. By turning the other cheek you infuriate and unsettle him.
Make surrender a tool of power
Law 23 –
Concentrate Your Forces Conserve your forces and energies by keeping them
concentrated at their strongest point. You gain more by finding a rich mine and
mining it deeper, than by flitting from one shallow mine to another – intensity
defeats extensity every time. When looking for sources of power to elevate you,
find the one key patron, the fat cow who will give you milk for a long time to
come.
Law 24 – Play The
Perfect Courtier The perfect courtier thrives in a world where everything revolves
around power and political dexterity. He has mastered the art of indirection,
he flatters, yields to superiors, and asserts power over others in the most
oblique and graceful manner Learn and apply the laws of courtiership and the-re
will be no limit to how far you can rise in the court.
Law 25 – Re-Create
Yourself Do not accept the roles that society foists on you. Re-create yourself
by forging a new identity, one that commands attention and never bores the
audience. Be the master of your own image rather than letting others define it
for you. Incorporate dramatic devices into your public gestures and actions --
your power will be enhanced and your character will seem larger than life.
Law 26 – Keep Your
Hands Clean You must seem a paragon of civility and efficiency. Your hands are
never soiled by mistakes and nasty deeds. Maintain such a spotless appearance
by using others as scapegoats and cat’s-paws to disguise your involvement.
Law 27 – Play On
People’s Need To Believe To Create A Cultlike Following People have an
overwhelming desire to believe in something. Become the focal point of such
desire by offering them a cause, a new faith to follow. Keep your words vague
but full of promise; emphasize enthusiasm over rationality and clear thinking.
Give your new disciples rituals to perform, ask them to make sacrifices on your
behalf In the absence of organized religion and grand causes, your new belief
system will bring you untold power
Law 28 – Enter
Action With Boldness If you are unsure of a course of action, do not attempt
it. Your doubts and hesitations will infect your execution. Timidity is
dangerous: Better to enter with boldness. Any mistakes you commit through
audacity are easily corrected with more audacity. Everyone admires the bold; no
one honors the timid.
Law 29 – Plan All
The Way To The End The ending is everything. Plan all the way to it, taking
into account all the possible consequences, obstacles, and twists of fortune
that might reverse your hard work and give the glory to others. By planning to
the end you will not be overwhelmed by circumstances and you will know when to
stop. Gently guide fortune and help determine the future by thinking far ahead.
Law 30 – Make Your
Accomplishments Seem Effortless Your actions must seem natural and executed
with ease. All the toil and practice that go into them, and also all the clever
tricks, must be concealed. When you act, act effortlessly, as if you could do much
more. Avoid the temptation of revealing how hard you work-it only raises
questions. Teach no one your tricks or they will be used against you.
Law 31 – Control
the Options: Get Others To Play With The Cards You Deal The best deceptions are
the ones that seem to give the other person a choice. Your victims feel they
are in control, but are actually your puppets. Give people options that come
out in your favor whichever one they choose. Force them to make choices between
the lesser of two evils, both of which serve your purpose. Put them on the
horns of a dilemma: They are gored wherever they turn.
Law 32 – Play To
People’s Fantasies The truth is often avoided because it is ugly and
unpleasant. Never appeal to truth and reality unless you are prepared for the
anger that comes from disenchantment. Life is so harsh and distressing that
people who can manufacture romance or conjure up fantasy are like oases in the
desert. Everyone flocks to them. There is great power in tapping into the
fantasies of the masses.
Law 33 – Discover
Each Man’s Thumbscrew Everyone has a weakness, a gap in the castle wall. That
weakness is usually an insecurity, an uncontrollable emotion or need, it can
also be a small secret pleasure. Either way, once found, it is a thumbscrew you
can turn to your advantage.
Law 34 – Be Royal
In Your Own Fashion: Act Like A King To Be Treated Like One The way you carry
yourself will often determine how you are treated: In the long run, appearing
vulgar or common will make people disrespect you. For a king respects himself
and inspires the same sentiment in others. By acting regally and confident of
your powers, you make yourself seem destined to wear a crown.
Law 35 – Mater The
Art of Timing Never seem to be in a hurry -- hurrying betrays a lack of control
over yourself and over time. Always seem patient, as if you know that
everything will cow to you eventually. Became a detective of the right moment;
sniff out the spirit of the times, the trends that will carry you to power.
Learn to stand back when the time is not yet 7ipe, and to strike fiercely when
it has reached fruition.
Law 36 – Disdain
Things You Cannot Have: Ignoring Them Is The Best Revenge By acknowledging a
petty problem you give it existence and credibility. The more attention you pay
an enemy, the stronger you make him; and a small mistake is often made worse
and more visible when you try to fix it. It is sometimes best to leave things
alone. If there is something you want but cannot have, show contempt for it.
The less interest you reveal, the more superior you seem.
Law 37 – Create
Compelling Spectacles Striking imagery and grand symbolic gestures create the
aura of power - everyone responds to them. Stage spectacles for those around
you, then, full of arresting visuals and radiant symbols that heighten your
presence. Dazzled by appearance, no one will notice what you are really doing.
Law 38 – Thing As
You Like But Behave Like Others If you make a show of going against the times,
flaunting your unconventional ideas and unorthodox ways, people will think that
you only want attention and that you look down upon them. They will find a way
to punish you for making them feel inferior It is far safer to blend in and
nurture the common touch. Share your originality only with tolerant friends and
those who am sure to appreciate your uniqueness.
Law 39 – Stir Up
Waters To Catch Fish Anger and emotion are strategically counterproductive. You
must always stay calm and objective. But if you can make your enemies angry
while staying calm yourself, you gain a decided advantage. Put your enemies
off-balance: Find the chink in their vanity through which you can rattle them
and you hold the strings.
Law 40 – Despite
The Free Lunch What is offered for free is dangerous - it usually involves
either a trick or a hidden obligation. Mat has worth is worth paying for. By
paying your own way you stay clear of gratitude, guilt, and deceit. It is also
often wise to pay the full price-there is no cutting comers with excellence. Be
lavish with your money and keep it circulating, for generosity is a sign and a
magnet for power
Law 41 – Avoid
Stepping Into A Great Man’s Shoes What happens first always appears better and
more original than what comes after. If you succeed a great man or have a
famous parent, you will have to accomplish double their achievements to
outshine them. Do not get lost in their shadow, or stuck in a past not of your
own making. Establish your own name and identity by changing course. Slay the
overbearing father, disparage his legacy, and gain power by shining in your own
way.
Law 42 – Strike
The Shepherd And The Sheep Will Scatter Trouble can often be traced to a single
strong individual - the stirrer, the arrogant underling, the poisoner of
goodwill. If you allow such people room to operate, others will succumb to
their influence. Do not wait for the troubles they cause to multiply, do not
try to negotiate with them they are irredeemable. Neutralize their influence by
isolating or banishing them. Strike at the source of the trouble and the sheep
will scatter
Law 43 – Work On
The Hearts And Minds of Others Coercion creates a reaction that will eventually
work against you. You must seduce others into wanting to move in your
direction. A person you have seduced becomes your loyal pawn. And the way to
seduce others is to operate on their individual psychologies and weaknesses.
Soften up the resistant by working on their emotions, playing on what they hold
dear and what they fear Ignore the hearts and minds of others and they will
grow to hate you.
Law 44 – Disarm
and Infuriate With The Mirror Effect The mirror reflects reality, but it is
also the perfect tool for deception: When you mirror your enemies, doing
exactly as they do, they cannot figure out your strategy. The Mirror Effect
mocks and humiliates them, making them overreact. By holding up a mirror to
their psyches, you seduce them with the illusion that you share their values;
by holding up a mirror to their actions, you teach them a lesson. Few can
resist the power of the Mirror Effect.
Law 45 – Preach
The Need For Change, But Never Reform Too Much At Once Everyone understands the
need for change in the abstract, but on the day-to-day level people are
creatures of habit. Too much innovation is traumatic, and will lead to revolt.
If you are new to a position of power, or an outsider trying to build a power
base, make a show of respecting the old way of doing things. If change is
necessary, make it feel like a gentle improvement on the past.
Law 46 – Never
Appear Too Perfect Appearing better than others is always dangerous, but most
dangerous of all is to appear to have no faults or weaknesses. Envy mates
silent enemies. It is smart to occasionally display defects, and admit to
harmless vices, in order to deflect envy and appear more human and approachable.
Only gods and the dead can seem perfect with impunity.
Law 47 – Do Not Go
Past The Mark You Aimed For; In Victory, Learn When To Stop The moment of
victory is often the moment of greatest peril. In the heat of victory,
arrogance and overconfidence can push you past the goal you had aimed for, and
by going too far, you make more enemies than you defeat. Do not allow success
to go to your head. There is no substitute for strategy and care in planning.
Set a goal, and when you reach it, stop.
Law 48 – Assume
Formlessness By taking a shape, by having a visible plan, you open yourself to
attack. Instead of taking a form for your enemy to grasp, keep yourself
adaptable and on the move. Accept the fact that nothing is certain and no law
is fixed. The best way to protect yourself is to be as fluid and formless as
water; never bet on stability or lasting order. Everything changes.
प्लास्टिक
केरी बेग पोलीथीन से बनाया जाता है. दुनिया भर में इसे 
इसके लिये हमे, हमारी कचरा फेलानी की
नबाबी आदत से निजात पानी होगी. कचरा निस्पादन के लिये उचित प्रबंधन पर ध्यान देना
होगा. देखा जाये तो शहरो द्वरा उत्पन्न कचरे मे मात्र 5% ही प्लास्टिक कचरा होता
है. बाकी का कागज, मिट्टी, डायपर्स बायोमास होता है इसलिये पोलीथीन पर रोक इसका
सही इलाज नही है उल्टा इसके बंद होने से स्थति और बिगडेगी. इसका सही इलाज हम सब मे
उचित आदत का विकास है, जो कचरे को उसके प्रकार के अनुसार सही डिब्बे मे डाले और
सही समय पर और सही तरीके से कचरे का प्रबंधन करे. जेसे बयोमास से बनी अच्छी खाद से
हाजारों करोड रूपये की बरबादी को सीधे सीधे बचाया जा सकता है.